David Powers analyzes the application of Islamic law through six cases which took place during the period 1300 to 1500 in the Maghrib. The source for these disputes are fatwas issued by the muftis, which Powers uses to situate each case in its historical context and to interpret the principles of law. He demonstrates that, contrary to popular stereotypes, muftis were dedicated to reasoned argument. The book represents a ground-breaking approach to a complex subject area for students and scholars.

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Susu Economics The History of Pan-African Trade, Commerce, Money and Wealth (pub. by 1stBooks Library, Bloomington, Indiana),is a powerful book. No other book has ever dealt with so important an issue or has such strong research and writing style. Susu Economics shows how many of todays “poor” Third World nations were wealthy, powerful nations and how they developed their wealth. For example, nations like Mali, West Africa, Sudan, Kenya, Ghana, Somalia, India, Vietnam, Cambodia and others were powerful nations engaged in Trade and commerce for thousands of years.

The book Susu Economics begins with the early development of culture in the Congo region of Africa about 100,000 years ago, when finely crafted tools of stone, bone and other materials were being made. The first such tools appeared in Europe about 15,000 B.C.One of the most highly secretive aspects of African history is brought out to the public in this text. That is the pre-Egyptian civilizations of the Sahara and Sudan. One of the most ancient civilizations of the entire world was the Zingh Empire which existed in what is Today Mauritania about 15,000 years before Christ.

From that culture which traded throughout Africa and accross the Atlantic to America, goods of all sorts were sent to all parts of the World. The “Aquatic Civilizations” of what was an inland sea in the Sahara is also discussed. They traded far and wide settling both the Americas and the South Pacific.Ta-Sati, a civilization that existed before Egypt became advanced is discussed. Glassware created about 8000 B.C. and an astronomical abservatory dating back to about 7000 B.C. were discovered last year (2000).Trade and settlement of Africans in lands such as Mesopotamia, India, China, Japan, SE Asia, Melanesia and the Americas is discussed with an abundance of references to support the discussion. It also discusses the ancient African trade with the Americas as early as 3,000 B.C. and presents present-day descendants of early Black civilizations in the Americas as well as discussion on the prehistoric search for metals by Africans, Europeans and Mediterraneans in places such as Wisconsin.Susu Economics is a facinating history book and a treasure that will be cherished by all.

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Susu and Susunomics: The Theory and Practice of Pan-African Economic, Racial and Cultural Self-Preservation is one of the most powerful and effective books ever written on one of the oldest economic systems practiced. The Book is the second part of the Susu series. It discusses the practical means of developing what is required for the building of strong economic, social and cultural power in African-America as well as the rest of the African world and the world of those striving to improve their economic, social and cultural conditions.

Susu and Susunomics shows how communities such as refugees from World War II Europe and Afro-Caribbean people have used susu and economic nationalism to build up collective and individual wealth through unity, cooperation and the pooling of their resources. Susu and Susunomics discuses the form of susu economics practiced by Koreans, West Indians and others. It also stresses the point that in many northern cities beginning as early as the 1620′s, Africans were developing in parity with whites until slavery was officially established during the 1680′s, a move that was illegal. The use of susu in the Southern U.S. and the building of strong, thriving, economically stable African communities is also part of the evidence in this text. This book deals with a number of very important issues of significant important to the African communities worldwide. Some of the issues include: creating a tax and job base; the attitude needed to be successful; economic racism and stopping it; susu banking and building a susu economy; workers and the susu system; pooling money to buy banks, factories, lands and other assets; stopping population control and managing a strong, growing population; Susuism and independence; the Asiatic male and rebuilding the Asiatic family and a number of very important issues and solutions.

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The contrast between religion and law has been continuous throughout Muslim history. Islamic law has always existed in a tension between these two forces: God, who gave the law, and the state–the sultan–representing society and implementing the law. This tension and dynamic have created a
very particular history for the law–in how it was formulated and by whom, in its theoretical basis and its actual rules, and in how it was practiced in historical reality from the time of its formation until today. That is the main theme of this book.

Knut S. Vikor introduces the development and practice of Islamic law to a wide readership: students, lawyers, and the growing number of those interested in Islamic civilization. He summarizes the main concepts of Islamic jurisprudence; discusses debates concerning the historicity of Islamic sources
of dogma and the dating of early Islamic law; describes the classic practice of the law, in the formulation and elaboration of legal rules and practice in the courts; and sets out various substantive legal rules, on such vital matters as the family and economic activity.

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The teachings of these Readings are not sacramental, so far as they go beyond the realm of Morality into those of other domains of Thought and Truth. The Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite uses the word Dogma in its true sense, of doctrine, or teaching; and is not dogmatic in the odious sense of that term. Everyone is entirely free to reject and dissent from whatsoever herein may seem to him to be untrue or unsound. It is only required of him that he shall weigh what is taught, and give it fair hearing and unprejudiced judgment. Of course, the ancient theosophic and philosophic speculations are not embodied as part of the doctrines of the Rite; but because it is of interest and profit to know what the Ancient Intellect thought upon these subjects, and because nothing so conclusively proves the radical difference between our human and the animal nature, as the capacity of the human mind to entertain such speculations in regard to itself and the Deity. Contents: Apprentice; Fellow-craft; Master; Secret Master; Perfect Master; Intimate Secretary; Provost and Judge; Intendant of the Building; Elu of the Nine; Elu of the Fifteen; Elu of the Twelve; Master Architect; Royal Arch of Solomon; Perfect Elu; Knight of the East; Prince of Jerusalem; Knight of the East and West; Knight Rose Croix; pontiff; Master of the Symbolic Lodge; Noachite or Prussian Knight; Knight of the Royal Axe or Prince of Liabanus; Chief of the Tabernacle; Prince of the Tabernacle; Knight of the Brazen Serpent; Prince of Mercy; Knight Commander of the Temple; Knight of the Sun or Prince Adept; Scottish Knight of St. Andrew; Knight Kadosh; Inspector Inquisitor; Master of the Royal Secret.

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Two things to keep in mind about this book; 1) it is ancient and 2) there were more than one sect of jewish Qabbalists running around at the time. This may not have some of the principle beliefs that most modern Qabbalists have via the Golden Dawn, but it is this growth that lets us learn about ourselves and the universe. Keep in mind that some corresponances may not be the same as the ones you have been studying, thus it is open for experimentation.

About the book itself…It is an astounding work that many early Qabbalists used as a reference before the Zohar became translated (only 35% of it). If you read and thought upon the things said on each page or section for one week, you may understand it, because it goes back and forth. What was not revealed before is later, so thus you must backtrack and make the connection yourself. This is a definite study book. You must STUDY this book to truly glean the maximum amount of knowledge from it.

This is not an easy read and it has no spells or magickal workings in it. It is a discussion between rabbi’s about the Bible, Qabbalah, and other modes of Jewish thought and religion. This pertains mostly to the dogmatic Qabbalah that so many of us hear about, but really don’t see or study.

It is well worth the money to buy this book if you are at all interested in the Qabbalah, the Bible, or Jewish teachings. It will reveal things for you if you have the patience and the tenacity.

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There are copious amounts of interesting foot notes by David Ovason (almost a little mini-book itself), that are informative and revealing.

This book provides a great introduction into occult (secret) teachings. It will get you started in the areas of:

- alchemy
- different bodies of man
- astrology
- language of the birds
- esoteric symbolism
- mystery religions
- fulcanelli
- astrology

Definitely a great book to get you started on the esoteric path. I would recommend it to anyone, along with Manly Palmer Hall’s “Secret Teachings of All Ages”.

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